Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________
_ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
A) are to challenge B) may be challenged
C) have been challenged D) are challenging
_ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.
A) are to challenge B) may be challenged
C) have been challenged D) are challenging
Section A
According to a new school of scientists, technology has been overlooked as a force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.【51】Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius but by more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.【52】" In short, " a leader of the new school contends "the scientific revolution, as we call it, has been largely caused by the improvement, invention and use of a series of instruments that have expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.
【53】Over the years, tools, and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein, and inventors such as Edison, attached great importance to and derived great benefit from, crafty information and technological devices of different kinds that were used in scientific experiments.
The centerpiece of the argument for technology was an analysis of Galileo’s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motion.【54】Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, were improvements in the machinery used for making eye-glasses.
Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute.【55】Whether governments should increase financing for pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which of the two is seen as the driving force.
(51)
The ability to ask deep questions and look for answers lies at the heart of science.So it stands to reason that educators would want to bottle Newton’s brand of thinking and serve it to their students.
Common sense might argue that the best means to that end is to cram future scientists with chemistry,physics,biology,and mathematics.After all,Newton had an enormous appetite for science.
But Newton owned more books in the humanities than he did in the sciences,and his interest included subjects such an history,philosophy,and Greek mythology.
Could it be that thinking deeply about subjects such as history,philosophy,and religion makes one a better scientist?many top American schools think so.
The liberal arts is diversified toolbox.If you have only one way of looking at things,you will get stuck in the same place everybody else got stuck.If you’ve got different experiences,you may find other ways of solving the problem.”
It’s well known that the more we think,the better our neural connections.But liberal arts colleges go one step further.They argue that learning to think in one field may sharpen the ability to solve complex problems in a seemingly unrelated area.It may be a while before scientists establish the truth or falsity of this idea.In the meantime,some of the best minds in science are betting that it’s true.
“Learning about the great books and the humanities can stimulate the sort of brain waves that serve a scientist pretty well,” says Nobel prize winner Tom Cech—“The more types of thinking you have to do,the more skills you can bring to a scientific problem."
26.We learn from the first paragraph that ________.
A.the ability to think is of first importance to scientific discovery
B.nobody noticed apples falling from trees to the ground before Newton
C.Newton developed the theory of gravity by watching a falling apple
27.According to the passage, to help students become scientists, educators________.
A.should cram them with lots of science courses
B.should make them think in the way Newton did
C.should ask them deep questions and look for answers
D.should give them an enormous appetite for science
28.We learn from the passage that students who study science in a liberal arts college ________.
A.are required to take a number of courses in the humanities
B.are free to take whatever courses they like best
C.have a wide range of interests in history, philosophy and religion
D.spend more time studying arts and the humanities than the sciences
29.The idea that learning to think in one field may sharpen the ability to solve complex problems in a seemingly unrelated area is ________.
A.already proved to be true by scientists
B.accepted by the best people in science
C.a common belief among liberal arts colleges
D.gaining worldwide acceptance
30.In liberal arts colleges students are _______.
A.asked to bring a diversified toolbox to school
B.trained to think differently from everybody else
C.required to learn different kinds of skills
D.taught to look at things in different ways
试用Newton插值求经过点(-3,-1),(0,2),(3,-2),(6,10)的三次插值多项式。
对方程x3-3x-1=0,分别用
(1)Newton法(x0=2);(2)割线法(x0=2,x1=1.9)求其根,精度ε=10-4。
A.Because Curiosity costs too much money.
B.Because the economic situation is depressed.
C.Because the money should be spent on the people.
D.Because Curiosity is meaningless and impractical.